PART I ANTIBIOTICS
(6) CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS
PART I ANTIBIOTICS
01. What does the term “antibiotics” mean:
a) Non-organic or synthetic substances that selectively kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms
b) Substances produced by some microorganisms and their synthetic analogues that selectively kill or inhibit the growth of another microorganisms
c) Substances produced by some microorganisms and their synthetic analogues that inhibit the growth of organism cells
d) Synthetic analogues of natural substances that kill protozoa and helminthes
02. General principles of anti-infective therapy are:
a) Clinical judgment of microbiological factors
b) Definitive identification of a bacterial infection and the microorganism’s susceptibility
c) Optimal route of administration, dose, dosing frequency and duration of treatment
d) All of the above
03. Minimal duration of antibacterial treatment usually is:
a) Not less than 1 day
b) Not less than 5 days
c) Not less than 10-14 days
d) Not less than 3 weeks
04. Rational anti-microbial combination is used to:
a) Provide synergism when microorganisms are not effectively eradicated with a single agent alone
b) Provide broad coverage
c) Prevent the emergence of resistance
d) All of the above
05. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance to anti-microbial agents are the following, EXCEPT:
a) Active transport out of a microorganism or/and hydrolysis of an agent via enzymes produced by a microorganism
b) Enlarged uptake of the drug by a microorganism
c) Modification of a drug’s target
d) Reduced uptake by a microorganism
06. The statement, that some microorganisms can develop alternative metabolic pathways for rendering reactions inhibited by the drug, is:
a) True
b) False
07. All of the following drugs are antibiotics, EXCEPT:
a) Streptomycin
b) Penicillin
c) Co-trimoxazole
d) Chloramphenicol
08. Bactericidal effect is:
a) Inhibition of bacterial cell division
b) Inhibition of young bacterial cell growth
c) Destroying of bacterial cells
d) Formation of bacterial L-form
09. Which of the following groups of antibiotics demonstrates a bactericidal effect?
a) Tetracyclines
b) Macrolides
c) Penicillins
d) All of the above
10. Bacteristatic effect is:
a) Inhibition of bacterial cell division
b) Inhibition of young bacterial cells growth
c) Destroying of bacterial cells
d) Formation of bacterial L-form
11. Which of the following groups of antibiotics demonstrates a bacteristatic effect:
a) Carbapenems
b) Macrolides
c) Aminoglycosides
d) Cephalosporins
12. Which of the following antibiotics contains a beta-lactam ring in their chemical structure :
a) Penicillins
b) Cephalosporins
c) Carbapenems and monobactams
d) All groups
13. Tick the drug belonging to antibiotics-macrolides:
a) Neomycin
b) Doxycycline
c) Erythromycin
d) Cefotaxime
14. Tick the drug belonging to antibiotics-carbapenems:
a) Aztreonam
b) Amoxacillin
c) Imipinem
d) Clarithromycin
15. Tick the drug belonging to antibiotics-monobactams:
a) Ampicillin
b) Bicillin-5
c) Aztreonam
d) Imipinem
16. Tick the drug belongs to antibiotics-cephalosporins:
a) Streptomycin
b) Cefaclor
c) Phenoxymethilpenicillin
d) Erythromycin
17. Tick the drug belonging to lincozamides:
a) Erythromycin
b) Lincomycin
c) Azithromycin
d) Aztreonam
18. Tick the drug belonging to antibiotics-tetracyclines:
a) Doxycycline
b) Streptomycin
c) Clarithromycin
d) Amoxacillin
19. All of antibiotics are aminoglycosides, EXCEPT:
a) Gentamycin
b) Streptomycin
c) Clindamycin
d) Neomycin
20. Tick the drug belonging to nitrobenzene derivative:
a) Clindamycin
b) Streptomycin
c) Azithromycin
d) Chloramphenicol
21. Tick the drug belonging to glycopeptides:
a) Vancomycin
b) Lincomycin
c) Neomycin
d) Carbenicillin
22. Antibiotics inhibiting the bacterial cell wall synthesis are:
a) Beta-lactam antibiotics
b) Tetracyclines
c) Aminoglycosides
d) Macrolides
23. Antibiotic inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis is:
a) Erythromycin
b) Rifampin
c) Chloramphenicol
d) Imipinem
24. Antibiotics altering permeability of cell membranes are:
a) Glycopeptides
b) Polymyxins
c) Tetracyclines
d) Cephalosporins
25. All of the following antibiotics inhibit the protein synthesis in bacterial cells, EXCEPT:
a) Macrolides
b) Aminoglycosides
c) Glycopeptides
d) Tetracyclines
26. Biosynthetic penicillins are effective against:
a) Gram-positive and gram-negative cocci, Corynebacterium diphtheria, spirochetes, Clostridium gangrene
b) Corynebacterium diphtheria, mycobacteries
c) Gram positive cocci, viruses
d) Gram negative cocci, Rickettsia, mycotic infections
27. Which of the following drugs is a gastric acid resistant:
a) Penicillin G
b) Penicillin V
c) Carbenicillin
d) Procain penicillin
28. Which of the following drugs is penicillinase resistant:
a) Oxacillin
b) Amoxacillin
c) Bicillin-5
d) Penicillin G
29. All of the following drugs demonstrate a prolonged effect, EXCEPT:
a) Penicillin G
b) Procain penicillin
c) Bicillin-1
d) Bicillin-5
30. Mechanism of penicillins’ antibacterial effect is:
a) Inhibition of transpeptidation in the bacterial cell wall
b) Inhibition of beta-lactamase in the bacterial cell
c) Activation of endogenous proteases, that destroy bacterial cell wall
d) Activation of endogenous phospholipases, which leads to alteration of cell membrane permeability
31. Pick out the beta-lactamase inhibitor for co-administration with penicillins:
a) Clavulanic acid
b) Sulbactam
c) Tazobactam
d) All of the above
32. Cephalosporines are drugs of choice for treatment of:
a) Gram-positive microorganism infections
b) Gram-negative microorganism infections
c) Gram-negative and gram-positive microorganism infections, if penicillins have no effect
d) Only bacteroide infections
33. Carbapenems are effective against:
a) Gram-positive microorganisms
b) Gram-negative microorganisms
c) Only bacteroide infections
d) Broad-spectum
34. All of the following antibiotics are macrolides, EXCEPT:
a) Erythromycin
b) Clarithromycin
c) Lincomycin
d) Roxythromycin
35. Tetracyclins have following unwanted effects:
a) Irritation of gastrointestinal mucosa, phototoxicity
b) Hepatotoxicity, anti-anabolic effect
c) Dental hypoplasia, bone deformities
d) All of the above
36. Tick the drug belonging to antibiotics-aminoglycosides:
a) Erythromycin
b) Gentamycin
c) Vancomycin
d) Polymyxin
37. Aminoglycosides are effective against:
a) Gram positive microorganisms, anaerobic microorganisms, spirochetes
b) Broad-spectum, except Pseudomonas aeruginosa
c) Gram negative microorganisms, anaerobic microorganisms
d) Broad-spectum, except anaerobic microorganisms and viruses
38. Aminoglycosides have the following unwanted effects:
a) Pancytopenia
b) Hepatotoxicity
c) Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
d) Irritation of gastrointestinal mucosa
39. Choose the characteristics of chloramphenicol:
a) Broad-spectum. Demonstrates a bactericidal effect.
b) Influences the Gram-positive microorganisms. Demonstrates a bactericidal effect.
c) Influences the Gram-negative microorganisms. Demonstrates a bactericidal effect.
d) Broad-spectum. Demonstrates a bacteristatic effect.
40. Chloramphenicol has the following unwanted effects:
a) Nephrotoxicity
b) Pancytopenia
c) Hepatotoxicity
d) Ototoxicity
41. Choose the characteristics of lincozamides:
a) Broad-spectum. Demonstrates a bactericidal effect.
b) Influence mainly the anaerobic organisms, Gram negative cocci.
c) Broad-spectum. Demonstrates a bacteristatic effect.
d) Influence mainly the anaerobic organisms, Gram positive cocci.
42. Lincozamides have the following unwanted effect:
a) Nephrotoxicity
b) Cancerogenity
c) Pseudomembranous colitis
d) Irritation of respiratory organs
43. Choose the characteristics of vancomicin:
a) It is a glycopeptide, inhibits cell wall synthesis active only against Gram-negative bacteria
b) It is a glycopeptide, that alters permeability of cell membrane and is active against anaerobic bacteria
c) It is a beta-lactam antibiotic, inhibits cell wall synthesis active only against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
d) It is a glycopeptide, inhibits cell wall synthesis and is active only against Gram-positive bacteria.
44. Vancomicin has the following unwanted effects:
a) Pseudomembranous colitis
b) Hepatotoxicity
c) “Red neck” syndrome, phlebitis
d) All of the above
45. Which of the following drugs is used for systemic and deep mycotic infections treatment:
a) Co-trimoxazol
b) Griseofulvin
c) Amphotericin B
d) Nitrofungin
46. Which of the following drugs is used for dermatomycosis treatment:
a) Nystatin
b) Griseofulvin
c) Amphotericin B
d) Vancomycin
47. Which of the following drugs is used for candidiasis treatment:
a) Griseofulvin
b) Nitrofungin
c) Myconazol
d) Streptomycin
48. All of the following antifungal drugs are antibiotics, EXCEPT:
a) Amphotericin B
b) Nystatin
c) Myconazol
d) Griseofulvin
49. Mechanism of Amphotericin B action is:
a) Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
b) Inhibition of fungal protein synthesis
c) Inhibition of DNA synthesis
d) Alteration of cell membrane permeability
50. Azoles have an antifungal effect because of:
a) Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
b) Inhibition of fungal protein synthesis
c) Reduction of ergosterol synthesis
d) Inhibition of DNA synthesis
51. Which of the following drugs alters permeability of Candida cell membranes:
a) Amphotericin B
b) Ketoconazole
c) Nystatin
d) Terbinafine
52. Amfotericin B has the following unwanted effects:
a) Psychosis
b) Renal impairment, anemia
c) Hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia
d) Bone marrow toxicity
53. Tick the drug belonging to antibiotics having a polyene structure:
a) Nystatin
b) Ketoconazole
c) Griseofulvin
d) All of the above
54. All of the following drugs demonstrate a fungicidal effect, EXCEPT:
a) Terbinafin
b) Amfotericin B
c) Ketoconazole
d) Myconazol
55. Characteristics of polyenes are following, except:
a) Alter the structure and functions of cell membranes
b) Broad-spectrum
c) Fungicidal effect
d) Nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity
56. Characteristics of Amfotericin B are following, EXCEPT:
a) Used for systemic mycosis treatment
b) Poor absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract
c) Does not demonstrate nephrotoxicity
d) Influences the permeability of fungus cell membrane
