Plant Pathology MCQs
- The chitin in nematode is present in
(a) Cuticle (b) Egg shell
(c) Spicule (d) Setae
- Excretory system in Tylenchida is
(a) Canalicular (b) Glandular
(c) Vesicular (d) H-Shaped
3. The Cutical of nematode is
- Permiable (b) Non permeable
(c) Semi permeable (d) None of above
4. The cephalic sensilla in nematodes are
(a) 12 (b) 4
(c) 16 (d) 20
5. Heterorhabditis spp of entomopathogenic nematodes have bacteria
(a) Photorhabdus (b) Xenorhabdus
(c) Pseudomonas spp (d) Bacillus spp
6. Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus are
(a) Gram negative (b) Gram Positive
(c) Both a and b (d) None of above
7. Which of the following nematode is vector of virus?
(a) Pratylenchus spp. (b) Xiphinema spp.
(c) Tylenchulus spp. (d) Rotylenchulus spp.
8. Insects are killed by entomopathogenic nematodes due to
(a) Paralysis (b) Septicemia
(c) Chronic injury (d) None of above
9. At J2 stage the most active gland cells are
(a) Gastro ventral gland cells (b) Sub ventral gland cells
(c) Both a and b (d) None of above
10. Infective stage of entomopathogenic nematodes is
(a) J2 stage (b) J4 stage
(c) J3 stage (d) All of above
11. The nerve ring encircles the ———— of the esophagus
(a) Nobe (b) isthmus
(c) Pharynx (d) Intestine
12. In some species of nematodes the male has lateral cuticular flaps that are known as
(a) Caudal alae (b) Spicules
(c) Cloaca (d) All of above
13. Phasmids are
(a)Photoreceptors (b) Chemoreceptors
(c) Georeceptors (d) Thermoreceptor
14. At the distal end of the gonad the structure present is known as
(a) Oviduct (b) Spermatheca
(c) Ovary (d) Spicules
15. Bursa is usually present in
(a) Dorylaimida (b) Tylenchida
(c) Ephelenchida (d) Both b and c
16. Which of the following is used to silence specific gene expression in a variety of eukaryotes including nematodes
(a) ds RNA (b) Lectins
(c)Protease inhibitors (d) Plantibodies
17. Crotolaria and Sesbinia used for nematode management are
(a) Trap crops (b) Cover crops
(c) Antagonistic crops (d) Host crops
18. Which of the following is not a characteristic of ‘ideal’ nematicide?
(a) Rapid degradation to harmless molecule (b) Detectable residue in plants
(c) Very effective at low rate (d) Compatibility with control components
19. Which of the following is associated with citrus?
(a) Meloidogyne indica (b) Meloidogyne exigua
(c) Meloidogyne brevicauda (d) Meloidogyne arenaria
20. Which is considered economically important on bulbous ornamentals?
(a) Ditylenchus dipsaci (b) Ditylenchus destructor
(c) Aphelenchoides fragariae (d) Aphelenchoides ritzemabos
21. Which of the following causes superficial lesions on banana roots?
(a) Pratylenchus coffeae (b) Radopholus sirnilis
(c) Helicotylenchus multicinctus (d) Hoplolairnus seinhorsti
22. A seed-borne disease Sensu stricto is
(a) Ear cockle (b) Urea
(c) White tip (d) Tundu
23. Nematode oesophagus shows
(a) Asymmetry (b) Radial symmetry
(c) Bilateral symmetry (d) Triradiate symmetry
24. In most cases involving nematode and pathogenic fungal interactions, what is the most plausible role of nematodes?
(a) Mechanical wounding agents (b) Physiological modification of host plant
(c) Vector (d) Resistance breaker
25. Rhizoctonia solani is able to attack root-knot infected plants because
a) Galled tissues exude more carbohydrates
b) Nematodes rupture galled tissues for egg laying
c) J2 leave micropunctures on roots while invading
d) Nematodes carry fungus spores on their surface
26. Split-root technique which was employed to demonstrate that nematodes bring about physiological modifications in Plants to render them more susceptible to other pathogens used the crop
(a) Tomato (b) Peppermint
(c) Cotton (d) Tobacco
27. Tobra viruses are transmitted by
(a) Trichodorus spp. (b) Tylenchorhynchus spp.
(c) Xiphinema spp. (d) Longidorus spp.
28. Tylenchorhynchus spp. causes damage to which of the following root tissues?
(a) Endodermis (b) Epidermis and cortex
(c) Xylem and cambium (d) Phloem
29. The function of circulatory system in nematodes is performed by
(a) Hypodermis (b) Intestinal fluids
(c) Pseudocoelomic fluid (d) Cytoplasm
30. When the nematodes are protandric, it means that
a) Their gonads function only as ovaries
b) Their gonads first function as testes and later as ovaries
c) Their gonads first function as ovaries and later as testes
d) Their gonads function simultaneously as ovaries and testes
31. Lateral lines are absent from the perineal patterns of
(a) Meloidogyne incognita (b) Meloidogyne javanica
(c) Meloidogyne arenaria (d) Meloidogyne hapla
32. Which life stage of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is transported by long horn beetles?
(a) Second stage (b) Adult
(c) Fourth stage dauer larva (d) Egg
33. The carbamate nematicides suppress which % of the following enzyme?
(a) Acetyl cholinesterase (b) Superoxidase
(c) Protease (d) Chitinase
34. The hatching of Globodera pallida is stimulated by
(a) Co2 gradient (b) Rise in soil temperature
(c) Host root diffusate (d) Soil microflora
35. The esophagus of many nematodes is subdivided into ——- main areas
(a) Three (b) Four
(c) Five (d) Two
36. Most plant parasitic nematodes found in the soil are of length
(a) 1-2 mm (b) 0.5-1 mm
(c) 0.2-0.5 mm (d) None of these
37. About ———– nematodes are plant parasitic
(a) 15% (b) 25%
(c) 10% (d) 35%
38. Tylenchulus semipenetrans was observed for the first time in
(a) 1743 (b) 1912
(c) 1840 (d) 1960
39. Life cycle from egg to egg in citrus nematode is completed within
(a) 2-3 weeks (b) 6-8 weeks
(c) 3-5 weeks (d) 10-12 weeks
40. Egg masses of citrus nematode contain up to ———- eggs
(a) 65-80 (b) 25-40
(c) 100-135 (d) 75-100
41. Feeding sites of Tylenchulus semipenetrans consists of ———– nurse cells around the nematode head
(a) 6-10 (b) 4-7
(c) 11-15 (d) None of these
42. Optimum temperature for the infection and development of citrus nematodes is
(a) 40-450C (b) 20-250C
(c) 25-300C (d) 30-350C
43. The number of eggs found in each egg sac of root-knot nematode may range from
(a) 1000-1500 (b) 2000-5000
(c) 200-500 (d) 50-100
44. Cuticular lining of the oesophageal lumen retains virus particles in
(a) Tylenchid nematodes only
(b) Aphelenchid nematodes only
(c) Few genera of Dorylaimid nematodes only
(d) All genera of Dorylaimid nematodes only
Plant Pathology MCQs
45. CO2 gradient in soil
(a) Helps nematodes to locate other nematodes
(b) Helps nematodes to escape unfavourable conditions
(c) Helps nematodes escape high temperature stress
(d) Helps nematodes locate food source
46. Genus Meloidogyne was proposed by
(a) Emilo Augusto Goeldi (b) Joseph Berkeley
(c) Kati Marcinowsky (d) Skarbilovich
47. Larval stage of Caenorhabditis elegans, where it can stand on its tail is
(a) Infective stage (b) Mating stage
(c) Dauer stage (d) Probing stage
48. The principal structural component of nematode cuticle is
(a) Chitin (b) Cellulose
(c) Pectin (d) Collagen
49. Surface moieties of Pasteuria which play an important role in attachment to host cells prior to infection are
(a) Collagen-like proteins (b) Lectins
(c) Proteases (d) lntegrases
50. The specificity factor that Grapevine fan leaf virus (GFLV), is transmitted specifically by the ectoparasitic nematode Xiphinema index is because of
(a) Lectin moiety on the cuticle of X index
(b) Coat protein subunits in the icosahedralcapsid of GFLV
(c) Collagen type protein in the midgut of X.index
(d) Attachment factor produced by X.index
51. How much quantity of nematicide is used to control the nematodes in one hectare are?
(a) 10 – 15 kg (b) 20 – 25 kg
(c) 50 – 60 kg (d) 100- 200 kg
52. The cephalic sensory organs are innervated by
(a) 3 papillary nerves (b) 6 papillary nerves
(c) 9 papillary nerves (d) 12 papillary nerves
53. Nematode able to attack aerial parts of plants provided that humidity is high enough:
(a) Aphelenchoides besseyi (b) Anguina tritici
(c) Hirschmanniella oryzae (d) Heterodera trifolii
54. Which of the following is not a cuticular ornamentation?
(a)Spines (b) Rugae
(c) Warts (d) Bursa
55. In male nematodes, the alimentary and reproductive tracts join to form a:
(a) Cloaca (b) Spicule
(c) Bursa (d) Amphid
56. The primary proteins making up the cuticle of nematodes are:
(a) Globins (b) Secretins
(c) Tubulins (d) Collagens
57. The two genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis contain the most important species of
(a) Plant parasitic nematodes (b) Sapropyhtic nematodes
(c) Entomopathogenic nematodes (d) Both a and c
58. Which genera of nematode instead of entering the soil survive in the tissues of plant they infect?
(a) Aphelanchoides (b) Bursaphelenchus
(c) Both a and c (d) Longidorus
59. The female second stage juvenile of citrus nematode attack young feeder roots and feeds on their surface and undergo ——– additional molts and produce females
(a) Two (b) four
(c) Three (d) None of these
60. When citrus nematodes reach high populations in infected trees they begin to show decline in
(a) 3-5 years (b) 2-3 years
(c) 4-6 years (d) 7-9 years
61. The adult female is spherical of ———
(a) Root Knot nematode (b) Golden cyst nematode
(c) Leison nematode (d) Burrowing nematode
62. Juveniles and adults ———— nematodes enter roots in radial direction
(a)Rotylenchus (b) Paratylenchus
(c) Pratylenchus (d) Ditylenchus
63. In nematodes lips are usually ———- in number
(a) Five (b) Two
(c) Three (d) Six
64. The wheat gall nematodes are responsible for the disease known as
(a) Ear cockle disease (b) Sehun disease
(c) Both a and b (d) None of above
65. First plant parasitic nematode discovered was:
(a)Meloidogyne (b) Heterodera
(c) Anguina (d) Globodera
66. Spermatheca is found in the nematode body of:
(a) Male (b) Female
(c) Both (a) & (b) (d) None of the above
67. Genus Radopholus of nematode was first described in 1893 on the basis of a male specimen obtained from necrotic roots of _____ growing in Fiji Islands
(a)Sugarbeet (b) Sugarcane
(c) Banana (d) Coconut
68. Plant parasitic nematodes posses:
(a) Two part oesophagus (b) Three part oesophagus
(c) Four part oesophagus (d) None of the above
69. The anal and vulval openings in nematodes are located on
(a) Dorsal side(b) Lateral side
(c) Ventral side (d) Dorso-lateral side
70. The nematode Radopholus similes has shown the maximum numbers at a soil depth of
(a) 5-15 m (b) 20-30 m
(c) 32-42 m (d) 1-4 m
71. Which one of the following is the best method of controlling ear cockle disease of wheat?
(a) Application of solar heat
(b) Mechanical separation of infected seed by floatation
(c) Application of balanced dose of fertilizer
(d) Treatment of seed with pesticide
72. The product of parasitism genes in nematodes known as parasitome are expressed in
(a) Esophageal glands (b) Sub ventral gland cells
(c) Dorsal glands (d) None of these
73. In nematodes secretary proteins are synthesized in
(a) Golgi membrane bounded granules (b) Ampula
(c) Nucleus of gland cells (d) Esophagus
