1. Vitamins are
(A) Accessory food factors
(B) Generally synthesized in the body
(C) Produced in endocrine glands
(D) Proteins in nature
2. Vitamin A or retinal is a
(A) Steroid
(B) Polyisoprenoid compound containing a cyclohexenyl ring
(C) Benzoquinone derivative
(D) 6-Hydroxychromane
3. -Carotene, precursor of vitamin A, is oxidatively cleaved by
(A) -Carotene dioxygenase
(B) Oxygenase
(C) Hydroxylase
(D) Transferase
4. Retinal is reduced to retinol in intestinal mucosa by a specific retinaldehyde reductase utilising
(A) NADPH + H+ (B) FAD
(C) NAD (D) NADH + H+
5. Preformed Vitamin A is supplied by
(A) Milk, fat and liver
(B) All yellow vegetables
(C) All yellow fruits
(D) Leafy green vegetables
6. Retinol and retinal are interconverted requiring dehydrogenase or reductase in the presence of
(A) NAD or NADP (B) NADH + H+
(C) NADPH (D) FAD
7. Fat soluble vitamins are
(A) Soluble in alcohol
(B) one or more Propene units
(C) Stored in liver
(D) All these
8. The international unit of vitamin A is equivalent to the activity caused by
(A) 0.3 µg of Vitamin A alcohol
(B) 0.344 µg of Vitamin A alcohol
(C) 0.6 µg of Vitamin A alcohol
(D) 1.0 µg of Vitamin A alcohol
9. Lumirhodopsin is stable only at tempera- ture below
(A) –10°C (B) –20°C
(C) –40°C (D) –50°C
10. Retinol is transported in blood bound to
(A) Aporetinol binding protein
(B) 2-Globulin
(C) -Globulin
(D) Albumin
11. The normal serum concentration of vitamin A in mg/100 ml is
(A) 5–10 (B) 15–60
(C) 100–150 (D) 0–5
12. One manifestation of vitamin A deficiency is
(A) Painful joints
(B) Night blindness
(C) Loss of hair
(D) Thickening of long bones
13. Deficiency of Vitamin A causes
(A) Xeropthalmia
(B) Hypoprothrombinemia
(C) Megaloblastic anemia
(D) Pernicious anemia
14. An important function of vitamin A is
(A) To act as coenzyme for a few enzymes
(B) To play an integral role in protein synthesis
(C) To prevent hemorrhages
(D) To maintain the integrity of epithelial tissue
15. Retinal is a component of
(A) Iodopsin (B) Rhodopsin
(C) Cardiolipin (D) Glycoproteins
16. Retinoic acid participates in the synthesis of
(A) Iodopsin (B) Rhodopsin
(C) Glycoprotein (D) Cardiolipin
17. On exposure to light rhodopsin forms
(A) All trans-retinal (B) Cis-retinal
(C) Retinol (D) Retinoic acid
18. Carr-Price reaction is used to detect
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Ascorbic acid (D) Vitamin E
19. The structure shown below is of
(A) Cholecalciferol
(B) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
(C) Ergocalciferol
(D) 7-Dehydrocholesterol
20. Vitamin D absorption is increased in
(A) Acid pH of intestine
(B) Alkaline pH of intestine
(C) Impaired fat absorption
(D) Contents of diet
21. The most potent Vitamin D metabolite is
(A) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
(B) 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol
(C) 24, 25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol
(D) 7-Dehydrocholesterol
22. The normal serum concentration of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in ng/ml is
(A) 0–8 (B) 60–100
(C) 100–150 (D) 8–55
23. The normal serum concentration of 1,25- dihydroxycholecalciferol in pg/ml is
(A) 26–65 (B) 1–5
(C) 5–20 (D) 80–100
24. The normal serum concentration of 24,25- dihydroxycholecalciferol in ng/ml is
(A) 8–20 (B) 25–50
(C) 1–5 (D) 60–100
25. A poor source of Vitamin D is
(A) Egg (B) Butter
(C) Milk (D) Liver
26. Richest source of Vitamin D is
(A) Fish liver oils (B) Margarine
(C) Egg yolk (D) Butter
27. Deficiency of vitamin D causes
(A) Ricket and osteomalacia
(B) Tuberculosis of bone
(C) Hypthyroidism
(D) Skin cancer
28. One international unit (I.U) of vitamin D is defined as the biological activity of
(A) 0.025 µg of cholecalciferol
(B) 0.025 µg of 7-dehydrocholecalciferol
(C) 0.025 µg of ergosterol
(D) 0.025 µg of ergocalciferol
29. The -ring of 7-dehydrocholesterol is cleaved to form cholecalciferol by
(A) Infrared light
(B) Dim light
(C) Ultraviolet irridation with sunlight
(D) Light of the tube lights
30. Calcitriol synthesis involves
(A) Both liver and kidney
(B) Intestine
(C) Adipose tissue
(D) Muscle
31. Insignificant amount of Vitamin E is present in
(A) Wheat germ oil (B) Sunflower seed oil
(C) Safflower seed oil (D) Fish liver oil
32. The activity of tocopherols is destroyed
38. All the following conditions produce a real or functional deficiency of vitamin K except
(A) Prolonged oral, broad spectrum antibiotic therapy
(B) Total lack of red meat in the diet
(C) The total lack of green leafy vegetables in the diet
(D) Being a new born infant
39. Vitamin K is found in
(A) Green leafy plants (B) Meat
(C) Fish (D) Milk
40. Function of Vitamin A:
(A) Healing epithelial tissues
(B) Protein synthesis regulation
(C) Cell growth
(D) All of these
41. Vitamin K2
was originally isolated from
(A) Commercial cooking
(B) Reduction
(C) Conjugation
(D) All of these
33. The requirement of vitamin E is increased with greater intake of
(A) Carbohydrates
(B) Proteins
(C) Polyunsaturated fat
(D) Saturated fat
34. Vitamin E reduces the requirement of
(A) Iron (B) Zinc
(C) Selenium (D) Magnesium
35. The most important natural antioxidant is
(A) Vitamin D (B) Vitamin E
(C) Vitamin B12 (D) Vitamin K
36. Tocopherols prevent the oxidation of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin C
37. Creatinuria is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin
(A) A (B) K
(C) E (D) D
(A) Soyabean (B) Wheat gram
(C) Alfa Alfa (D) Putrid fish meal
42. Vitamin synthesized by bacterial in the intestine is
(A) A (B) C
(C) D (D) K
43. Vitamin K is involved in posttranslational modification of the blood clotting factors by acting as cofactor for the enzyme:
(A) Carboxylase (B) Decarboxylase
(C) Hydroxylase (D) Oxidase
44. Vitamin K is a cofactor for
(A) Gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid residue
(B) -Oxidation of fatty acid
(C) Formation of -amino butyrate
(D) Synthesis of tryptophan
45. Hypervitaminosis K in neonates may cause
(A) Porphyria (B) Jaundice
(C) Pellagra (D) Prolonged bleeding
46. Dicoumarol is antagonist to
(A) Riboflavin (B) Retinol
(C) Menadione (D) Tocopherol
47. In the individuals who are given liberal quantities of vitamin C, the serum ascorbic acid level is
(A) 1–1.4 g/100 ml
(B) 2–4 g/100 ml (C) 1–10 g/100 ml (D) 10–20 g/100 ml
48. The vitamin which would most likely become deficient in an individual who develop a completely carnivorous life style is
(A) Thiamin (B) Niacin
(C) Vitamin C (D) Cobalamin
49. In human body highest concentration of ascorbic acid is found in
(A) Liver (B) Adrenal cortex
(C) Adrenal medulla (D) Spleen
50. The vitamin required for the formation of hydroxyproline (in collagen) is
(A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin A
(C) Vitamin D (D) Vitamin E
51. Vitamin required for the conversion of p- hydroxyphenylpyruvate to homo- gentisate is
(A) Folacin (B) Cobalamin
(C) Ascorbic acid (D) Niacin
52. Vitamin required in conversion of folic acid to folinic acid is
(A) Biotin (B) Cobalamin
(C) Ascorbic acid (D) Niacin
53. Ascorbic acid can reduce
(A) 2, 6-Dibromobenzene
(B) 2, 6-Diiodoxypyridine
(C) 2, 6-Dichlorophenol indophenol
(D) 2, 4-Dinitrobenzene
54. Sterilised milk lacks in
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin C (D) Thiamin
55. Scurvy is caused due to the deficiency of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin C
56. Both Wernicke’s disease and beriberi can be reversed by administrating
(A) Retinol (B) Thiamin
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Vitamin B12
57. The Vitamin B1 deficiency causes
(A) Ricket (B) Nyctalopia
(C) Beriberi (D) Pellagra
58. Concentration of pyruvic acid and lactic acid in blood is increased due to deficiency of the vitamin
(A) Thiamin (B) Riboflavin
(C) Niacin (D) Pantothenic acid
59. Vitamin B1 coenzyme (TPP) is involved in
(A) Oxidative decarboxylation
(B) Hydroxylation
(C) Transamination
(D) Carboxylation
60. Increased glucose consumption increases the dietary requirement for
(A) Pyridoxine (B) Niacin
(C) Biotin (D) Thiamin
61. Thiamin is oxidized to thiochrome in alkaline solution by
(A) Potassium permanganate
(B) Potassium ferricyanide
(C) Potassium chlorate
(D) Potassium dichromate
62. Riboflavin is a coenzyme in the reaction catalysed by the enzyme
(A) Acyl CoA synthetase
(B) Acyl CoA dehydrogenase
(C) -Hydroxy acyl CoA
(D) Enoyl CoA dehydrogenase
63. The daily requirement of riboflavin for adult in mg is
(A) 0–1.0 (B) 1.2–1.7
(C) 2.0–3.5 (D) 4.0–8.0
64. In new born infants phototherapy may cause hyperbilirubinemia with deficiency of
(A) Thiamin (B) Riboflavin
(C) Ascorbic acid (D) Pantothenic acid
65. Riboflavin deficiency causes
(A) Cheilosis
(B) Loss of weight
(C) Mental deterioration
(D) Dermatitis
66. Magenta tongue is found in the deficiency of the vitamin
(A) Riboflavin (B) Thiamin
(C) Nicotinic acid (D) Pyridoxine
67. Corneal vascularisation is found in defi- ciency of the vitamin:
(A) B1 (B) B2
(C) B3 (D) B6
68. The pellagra preventive factor is
(A) Riboflavin (B) Pantothenic acid
(C) Niacin (D) Pyridoxine
69. Pellagra is caused due to the deficiency of
(A) Ascorbic acid (B) Pantothenic acid
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Niacin
70. Niacin or nicotinic acid is a monocarbox- ylic acid derivative of
(A) Pyridine (B) Pyrimidine
(C) Flavin (D) Adenine
71. Niacin is synthesized in the body from
(A) Tryptophan (B) Tyrosine
(C) Glutamate (D) Aspartate
72. The proteins present in maize are deficient in
(A) Lysine (B) Threonine
(C) Tryptophan (D) Tyrosine
73. Niacin is present in maize in the form of
(A) Niatin (B) Nicotin
(C) Niacytin (D) Nicyn
74. In the body 1 mg of niacin can be produced from
(A) 60 mg of pyridoxine
(B) 60 mg of tryptophan
(C) 30 mg of tryptophan
(D) 30 mg of pantothenic acid
75. Pellagra occurs in population dependent on
(A) Wheat (B) Rice
(C) Maize (D) Milk
76. The enzymes with which nicotinamide act as coenzyme are
(A) Dehydrogenases (B) Transaminases
(C) Decarboxylases (D) Carboxylases
77. Dietary requirement of Vitamin D:
(A) 400 I.U. (B) 1000 I.U.
(C) 6000 I.U. (D) 700 I.U.
78. The Vitamin which does not contain a ring in the structure is
(A) Pantothenic acid (B) Vitamin D
(C) Riboflavin (D) Thiamin
79. Pantothenic acid is a constituent of the coenzyme involved in
(A) Decarboxylation (B) Dehydrogenation
(C) Acetylation (D) Oxidation
80. The precursor of CoA is
(A) Riboflavin (B) Pyridoxamine
(C) Thiamin (D) Pantothenate
81. ‘Burning foot syndrome’ has been ascribed to the deficiency of
(A) Pantothenic acid (B) Thiamin
(C) Cobalamin (D) Pyridoxine
82. Pyridoxal phosphate is central to
(A) Deamination (B) Amidation
(C) Carboxylation (D) Transamination
83. The vitamin required as coenzyme for the action of transaminases is
(A) Niacin
(B) Pantothenic acid
(C) Pyridoxal phosphate
(D) Riboflavin
84. Vitamin B6 deficiency may occur during therapy with
(A) Isoniazid (B) Terramycin
(C) Sulpha drugs (D) Aspirin
85. Deficiency of vitamin B6 may occur in
(A) Obese person (B) Thin person
(C) Alcoholics (D) Diabetics
86. ‘Xanthurenic acid index’ is a reliable criterion for the deficiency of the vitamin
(A) Pyridoxal (B) Thiamin
(C) Pantothenic acid (D) Cobalamin
87. Epileptiform convulsion in human infants have been attributed to the deficiency of the vitamin
(A) B1 (B) B2
(C) B6 (D) B12
88. Biotin is a coenzyme of the enzyme
(A) Carboxylase (B) Hydroxylase
(C) Decarboxylase (D) Deaminase
89. The coenzyme required for conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate is
(A) FAD (B) NAD
(C) TPP (D) Biotin
90. In biotin-containing enzymes, the biotin is bound to the enzyme by
(A) An amide linkage to carboxyl group of glutamine
(B) A covalent bond with CO2
(C) An amide linkage to an amino group of lysine
(D) An amide linkage to -carboxyl group of
93. The cofactor or its derivative required for the conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl-
CoA is
(A) FAD (B) ACP
(C) NAD+ (D) Biotin
94. A cofactor required in oxidative decarbox- ylation of pyruvate is
(A) Lipoate
(B) Pantothenic acid
(C) Biotin
(D) Para aminobenzoic acid
95. The central structure of B12 referred to as corrin ring system consists of
(A) Cobalt (B) Manganese
(C) Magnesium (D) Iron
96. The central heavy metal cobalt of vitamin B12 is coordinately bound to
(A) Cyanide group (B) Amino group
(C) Carboxyl group (D) Sulphide group
97. Vitamin B12 has a complex ring structure (corrin ring) consisting of four
(A) Purine rings (B) Pyrimidine rings
(C) Pyrrole rings (D) Pteridine rings
98. Emperical formula of cobalamin is
(A) C63H88N12O14P.CO
(B) C61H82N12O12P.CO
(C) C61H88N12O14P.CO
(D) C63H88N14O14P.CO
protein
91. A molecule of CO2 is captured by biotin when it acts as coenzyme for carboxyla- tion reaction. The carboxyl group is co- valently attached to
99. A deficiency of vitamin B12
(A) Beri-Beri
(B) Scurvy
(C) Perniciuos anemia
(D) Ricket
causes
(A) A nitrogen (N1) of the biotin molecule
(B) Sulphur of thiophene ring
(C) -Amino group of lysine
(D) -Amino group of protein
92. Consumption of raw eggs can cause deficiency of
(A) Biotin (B) Pantothenic acid
(C) Riboflavin (D) Thiamin
100. Vitamin B12 deficiency can be diagnosed by urinary excretion of
(A) Pyruvate (B) Methylmalonate
(C) Malate (D) Lactate
101. Subacute combined degeneration of cord is caused due to deficiency of
(A) Niacin (B) Cobalamin
(C) Biotin (D) Thiamin
102. Vitamin required for metabolism of diols
e.g. conversion of ethylene glycol to acetaldehyde is
(A) Thiamin (B) Cobalamin
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Folic acid
103. Both folic acid and methyl cobalamin (vitamin B12) are required in
(A) Deamination of serine
(B) Deamination of threonine
(C) Conversion of pyridoxal phosphate to pyridoxamine phosphate
(D) Methylation of homocystein to methionine
104. Folic acid or folate consists of the
(A) Base pteridine, p-amino benzoic acid and asparate
(B) Base purine, p-amino benzoic acid and glutamate
(C) Base pteridine, p-amino benzoic acid and glutamate
(D) Base purine, p-hydroxy benzoic acid and glutamate
105. Folate as a coenzyme is involved in the transfer and utilization of
(A) Amino group
(B) Hydroxyl group
(C) Single carbon moiety
(D) Amido group
106. Folic acid deficiency can be diagnosed by increased urinary excretion of
(A) Methylmalonate (B) Figlu
(C) Cystathionine (D) Creatinine
107. Sulpha drugs interfere with bacterial synthesis of
(A) Lipoate (B) Vitamin E
(C) Tetrahydrofolate (D) Ascorbic acid
108. Folate deficiency causes
(A) Microcytic anemia
(B) Hemolytic anemia
(C) Iron deficiency anemia
(D) Megaloblastic anemia
109. Thiamin is heat stable in
(A) Acidic medium (B) Alkaline medium
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
110. Thiamin deficiency includes
(A) Mental depression (B) Fatigue
(C) Beriberi (D) All of these
111. Thiamin diphosphate is required for oxidative decarboxylation of
(A) -Keto acids (B) -Amino acids
(C) Fatty acids (D) All of these
112. Loss of thiamin can be decreased by using
(A) Unpolished rice
(B) Parboiled rice
(C) Whole wheat flour
(D) All of these
113 . Daily requirement of thiamin is
(A) 0.1 mg/1,000 Calories
(B) 0.5 mg/1,000 Calories
(C) 0.8 mg/1,000 Calories
(D) 1.0 mg/1,000 Calories
114. Thiamin requirement is greater in
(A) Non-vegetarians
(B) Alcoholics
(C) Pregnant women
(D) Both B and C
115. People consuming polished rice as their staple food are prone to
(A) Beriberi (B) Pellagra
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
116. Riboflavin is heat stable in
(A) Acidic medium (B) Alkaline medium
(C) Neutral medium (D) Both (A) and (C)
117. FAD is a coenzyme for
(A) Succinate dehydrogenase
(B) Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
(C) Sphingosine reductase
(D) All of these
118. Riboflavin deficiency can cause
(A) Peripheral neuritis (B) Diarrhoea
(C) Angular stomatitis (D) None of these
119. Pellagra preventing factor is
(A) Thiamin (B) Riboflavin
(C) Niacin (D) Pyridoxine
120. Niacin contains a
(A) Sulphydryl group (B) Carboxyl group
(C) Amide group (D) All of these
121. NADP is required as a coenzyme in
(A) Glycolysis (B) Citric acid cycle
(C) HMP shunt (D) Gluconeogenesis
122. NAD is required as a coenzyme for
(A) Malate dehydrogenase
(B) Succinate dehydrogenase
(C) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
(D) HMG CoA reductae
123. NAD is required as a conenzyme in
(A) Citric acid cycle
(B) HMP shunt
(C) -Oxidation of fatty acids
(D) Both (A) and (C)
124. Niacin can be synthesised in human beings from
(A) Histidine (B) Phenylalanine
(C) Tyrosine (D) Tryptophan
125. Daily requirement of niacin is
(A) 5 mg (B) 10 mg
(C) 20 mg (D) 30 mg
126. Niacin deficiency is common in people whose staple food is
(A) Wheat
(B) Polished rice
(C) Maize and /or sorghum
(D) None of these
127. In pellagra, dermatitis usually affects
(A) Exposed parts of body
(B) Covered parts of body
(C) Trunk only
(D) All parts of the body
128. Niacin deficiency can occur in
(A) Hartnup disease (B) Phenylketonuria
(C) Alkaptonuria (D) None of these
129. Pantothenic acid contains an amino acid which is
(A) Aspartic acid (B) Glutamic acid
(C) -Alanine (D) -Aminoisobutyric acid
130. Sulphydryl group of coenzyme a is contri- buted by
(A) -Alanine
(B) -Aminoisobutyric acid
(C) Methionine
(D) Thioethanolamine
131. Coenzyme A contains a nitrogenous base which is
(A) Adenine (B) Guanine
(C) Choline (D) Ethanolamine
132. The following is required for the formation of coenyzme A:
(A) ATP (B) GTP
(C) CTP (D) None of these
133. Coenzyme A is required for catabolism of
(A) Leucine (B) Isoleucine
(C) Valine (D) All of these
134. Deficiency of pantothenic acid in human beings can affect
(A) Nervous system (B) Digestive system
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
135. Pyridoxal phosphate is a coenzyme for
(A) Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase
(B) Glutamate pyruvate transaminase
(C) Tyrosine transaminase
(D) All of these
136. Pyridoxal phosphate is required as a coenzyme in
(A) Transamination (B) Transulphuration
(C) Desulphydration (D) All of these
137. Pyridoxal phosphate is a coenzyme for
(A) Glycogen synthetase
(B) Phosphorylase
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of these
138. Pyridoxine deficiency can be diagnosed by measuring urinary excretion of
(A) Pyruvic acid (B) Oxaloacetic acid
(C) Xanthurenic acid (D) None of these
139. Pyridoxine deficiency can be diagnosed by measuring the urinary excretion of xanthurenic acid following a test dose of
(A) Glycine (B) Histidine
(C) Tryptophan (D) Pyridoxine
140. Pyridoxine requirement depends upon the intake of
(A) Carbohydrates (B) Proteins
(C) Fats (D) None of these
141. Anti-egg white injury factor is
(A) Pyridoxine (B) Biton
(C) Thiamin (D) Liponic acid
142. When eggs are cooked
(A) Biotin is destroyed but avidin remains unaffected
(B) Avidin is inactivated but biotin remains unaffected
(C) Both avidin and biotin are inactivated
(D) Both avidin and biotin remain unaffected
143. Biotin is required as a coenzyme by
(A) Anaerobic dehydrogenases
(B) Decarboxylases
(C) Aerobic dehydrogenases
(D) Carboxylases
144. Biotin is a coenzyme for
(A) Pyruvate carboxylase
(B) Acetyl CoA carboxylase
(C) Propionyl CoA carboxylase
(D) All of these
145. Lipoic acid is a conenzyme for
(A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
(B) -Ketoglutarate dehydrogenae
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of these
146. Chemically, lipoic acid is
(A) Saturated fatty acid
(B) Unsaturated fatty acid
(C) Amino acid
(D) Sulphur containing fatty acid
147. Folic acid contains
(A) Pteridine
(B) p-Amino benzoic acid
(C) Glutamic acid
(D) All of these
148. Conversion of folate into tetrahydrofolate requires
(A) NADH (B) NADPH
(C) FMNH2 (D) FADH2
149. Riboflavin deficiency symptoms are
(A) Glossitis (B) stomatis
(C) Vomitting (D) Both (A) and (B)
150. Vitamin B12 forms coenzymes known as
(A) Cobamide (B) Transcobalamin I
(C) Transcobalamin II (D) Both (B) and (C)
151. Methylcobalamin is required for forma- tion of
(A) Serin from glycine
(B) Glycine from serine
(C) Methionine from homocysteine
(D) All of these
152. Absorption of Vitamin B12 requires the presence of
(A) Pepsin (B) Hydrochloric acid
(C) Intrinsic factor (D) Boh (B) and (C)
153. Intrinsic factor is chemically a
(A) Protein
(B) Glycoprotein
(C) Mucopolysaccaride
(D) Peptide
154. Chemically, Extrinsic Factor of Castle is a
(A) Mucoprotein
(B) Glycoprotein
(C) Mucopolysaccharide
(D) Cyanocobalaminm
155. Vitamin B12 is
(A) Not stored in the body
(B) Stored in bone marrow
(C) Stored in liver
(D) Stored in RE cells
156. Vitamin B12 is transported in blood by
(A) Albumin (B) Transcortin
(C) Transcobalamin I (D) Transcobalamin II
157. Vitamin B12 is synthesized by
(A) Bacteria only (B) Plants only
(C) Animals only (D) Both (A) and (C)
158. Deficiency of vitamin B12 can occur because of
(A) Decreased intake of vitamin B12
(B) Atrophy of gastric mucosa
(C) Intestinal malabsorption
(D) All of these
159. Deficiency of vitamin B12 can be diagonised by
(A) Carr-Price reaction
(B) Ames assay
(C) Watson-Schwartz test
(D) Schilling test
160. Gastyrectomy leads to megaloblastic anaemia within a few
(A) Days (B) Weeks
(C) Months (D) Years
161. Ascorbic acid is required to synthesise all of the following except
(A) Collagen (B) Bile acids
(C) Bile pigments (D) Epinephrine
162. Vitamin C enhances the intestinal absorption of
(A) Potassium (B) Iodine
(C) Iron (D) None of these
163. Vitamin C activity is present in
(A) D-Ascorbic acid
(B) D-Dehydroascorbic acid
(C) L-Ascorbic acid
(D) Both A and B
164. Vitamin C is required for the synthesis of
(A) Bile acids from cholesterol
(B) Bile salts from bile acids
(C) Vitamin D from cholesterol
(D) All of these
165. Deficiency of vitamin C causes
(A) Beriberi
(B) Pellagra
(C) Pernicious anaemia
(D) Scurvy
166. An early diagnosis of vitamin C deficiency can be made by
(A) Measuring plasma ascorbic acid
(B) Measuring urinary ascorbic acid
(C) Ascorbic acid saturation test
(D) All of these
167. Daily requirement of vitamin C in adults is about
(A) 100 mg (B) 25 mg
(C) 70 mg (D) 100 mg
168. The vitamin having the highest daily requirement among the following is
(A) Thiamin (B) Ribovflavin
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Ascorbic acid
169. Anaemia can occur due to the deficiency of all the following except
(A) Thiamin (B) Pyridoxine
(C) Folic acid (D) Cyanocobalamin
170. A vitamin which can be synthesized by human beings is
(A) Thiamin (B) Niacin
(C) Folic acid (D) Cyanocobalamin
171. Laboratory diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency can be made by measuring the urinary excretion of
(A) Xanthurenic acid
(B) Formiminoglutamic acid
(C) Methylmalonic acid
(D) Homogentisic acid
172. The molecule of vitamin A1 contains
(A) Benzene ring (B) -Ionone ring
(C) -Carotene ring (D) None of these
173. Precursor of Vitamin A is
(A) -Carotene (B) -Carotene
(C) -Carotene (D) All of these
174. Two molecules of vitamin A can be formed from 1 molecule of
(A) -Carotene (B) -Carotene
(C) -Carotene (D) All of these
175. Conversion of -carotene into retinal requires the presence of
(A) -Carotene dioxygenase
(B) Bile salts
(C) Molecular oxygen
(D) All of these
176. Conversion of retinal into ritonal requires the presence of
(A) NADH (B) NADPH
(C) FADH2 (D) Lipoic acid
177. Retinal is converted into retinoic acid in the presence of
(A) Retinal oxidase (B) Retinal carboxylase
(C) Retinene reductase(D) Spontaneously
178. Vitamin A absorbed in intestine is released into
(A) Portal circulation (B) Lacteals
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
179. Vitamin A is stored in the body in
(A) Liver
(B) Adipose tissue
(C) Reticuloendothelial cells
(D) All of these
180. Rhodopsin contains opsin and
(A) 11-cis-retinal (B) 11-trans-retinal
(C) All-cis-retinal (D) All trans-retinal
181. When light falls on rod cells
(A) All-cis-retinal is converted into all-trans-retinal
(B) 11-cis-retinal is converted into 11-trans-retinal
(C) 11-trans-retinal is converted into all-trans- retinal
(D) 11-cis-retinal is converted into all-trans-retinal
182. Conversion of all-trans-retinal into all- trans-retinol requires
(A) NAD (B) NADH
(C) NADP (D) NADPH
183. Retinol isomerase is present in
(A) Retina (B) Liver
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
184. Anti-oxidant activity is present in
(A) -Carotene (B) Retinol
(C) Retinoic acid (D) All of these
185. One international Unit of vitamin A is the activity present in
(A) 0.3 g of -Carotene
(B) 0.3 g of retinol
(C) 0.6 g of retinoic acid
(D) All of these
186. Daily requirement of vitamin A in an adult man can be expressed as
(A) 400 IU (B) 1,000 IU
(C) 5,000 IU (D) 10,000 IU
187. Vitamin B6 includes
(A) Pyridoxal (B) Pyridoxamine
(C) Pyridoxine (D) All of these
188. An early effect of vitamin a deficiency is
(A) Xerophthalmia
(B) Keratomalacia
(C) Prolonged dark adaptation time
(D) Follicular hyperkeratosis
189. Nyctalopia is
(A) Drying of eyes
(B) Destruction of cornea
(C) Blindness
(D) Inability to see in dimlight
190. Rod cells possess a trans-membrane protein which is
(A) Adenylate cyclase (B) Transducin
(C) Rhodopsin (D) B as well as C
191. Provitamins A include
(A) Retinal (B) Retionic acid
(C) Carotenes (D) All of these
192. Retinoic acid can
(A) Act as a photo receptor
(B) Support growth and differentiation
(C) Act as an anti-oxidant
(D) None of these
193. Prosthetic group in cone cell phototrecep- tors is
(A) Iodine (B) Opsin
(C) 11-cis-retinal (D) all-trans-retinal
194. Retinoic acid is involved in the synthesis of
(A) Rhodopsin (B) Iodopsin
(C) Porphyrinopsin (D) Glycoproteins
195 Transducin is a
(A) Signal transducer (B) Stimulatory G-protein
(C) Trimer (D) All of these
196. Provitamin D3 is
(A) Cholecalciferol
(B) Ergosterol
(C) 7-Dehydrocholesterol
(D) Ergocaliferol
197. Ergosterol is found in
(A) Animals (B) Plants
(C) Bacteria (D) All of these
198. A provitamin D synthesized in human beings is
(A) Ergosterol
(B) 7-Dehydrocholesterol
(C) Cholecalciferol
(D) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
199. 25-Hydroxylation of vitamin D occurs in
(A) Skin (B) Liver
(C) Kidneys (D) Intestinal mucosa
200. Tubular reabsorption of calcium is increased by
(A) Cholecalciferol
(B) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
(C) Calcitriol
(D) All of these
201. Parathormone is required for the conver- sion of
(A) Cholecalciferol into 1-hydroxycholecalciferol
(B) Cholecalciferol into 25-hydroxycholecalcifer- ol
(C) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol into calcitriol
(D) Cholesterol into 7-dehydrocholesterol
202. Calcitriol inhibits the conversion of
(A) Cholesterol into 7-dehydrocholesterol
(B) Cholecalciferol into 1-hydroxycholecalciferol
(C) Cholecalciferol into 25-hydroxycholecalcifer- ol
(D) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol into 1,25- dihydrox- ycholecalciferol
203. Bowlegs and knock-knees can occur in
(A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia
(C) Both A and B (D) Hypervitaminosis D
204. Calcification of soft tissues can occur in
(A) Osteomalacia
(B) Rickets
(C) Hypervitaminosis D
(D) None of these
205. Levels of serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus are increased in
(A) Hypervitaminosis D
(B) Hypoparathyroidism
(C) Hypovitaminosis D
(D) None of these
206. Requirement of vitamin E increases with the increasing intake of
(A) Calories (B) Proteins
(C) PUFA (D) Cholesterol
207. In human beings, vitamin E prevents
(A) Sterility
(B) Hepatic necrosis
(C) Muscular dystrophy
(D) None of these
208. Vitamin E protects
(A) Polyunsaturated fatty acids against aperoxidation
(B) Vitamin A and carotenes against oxidation
(C) Lung tissue against atmospheric pollutants
(D) All of these
209. Intestinal bacteria can synthesise
(A) Phyllogquinone (B) Farnoquinone
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) Menadione
210. A water soluble form of vitamin K is
(A) Phylloquinone (B) Farnoquinone
(C) Menadione (D) None of these
211. Prothrombin time is prolonged in
(A) Vitamin K deficiency
(B) Liver damage
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of these
212. A synthetic form of vitamin K is
(A) Menadione (B) Farnoquinone
(C) Phylloquinone (D) None of these
213. Retinal is reduced to retinol by retinene reductase in presence of the coenzyme
(A) NAD+ (B) NADP+
(C) NADH + H+ (D) NADPH + H+
214. Retinal exists as an ester with higher fatty acids in the
(A) Liver (B) Kidney
(C) Lung (D) All of these
215. Retinol is transported to the blood as retinol attached to
(A) 1-globulin (B) 2-globulin
(C) -globulin (D) -globulin
216. Carotenes are transported with the
(A) Minerals (B) Proteins
(C) Lipids (D) Lipoproteins
217. The drugs that form complexes with pyridoxal are
(A) Isoniazid (B) Penicillamine
(C) Rifampicin (D) Both (A) and (B)
218. In the blood the vitamin esters are attached to
(A) 1-lipoproteins (B) 2-lipoproteins
(C) -lipoproteins (D) -lipoproteins
219. The percentage of Vitamin A in the form of esters is stored in the liver:
(A) 80 (B) 85
(C) 90 (D) 95
220. The performed Vitamin A is supplied by foods such as
(A) Butter (B) Eggs
(C) Fish liver oil (D) All of these
221. The non-protein part of rhodopsin is
(A) Retinal (B) Retinol
(C) Carotene (D) Repsin
222. Lumirhodopsin is stable only at a temperature below
(A) –35°C (B) –40°C
(C) –45°C (D) –50°C
223 The normal concentration of vitamin A in blood in I.V/dl:
(A) 20–55 (B) 24–60
(C) 30–65 (D) 35–70
224. Continued intake of excessive amounts of vitamin A especially in children produces
(A) Irritability (B) Anorexia
(C) Headache (D) All of these
225. Vitamin D2 is also said to be
(A) Activated ergosterol
(B) Fergocalciferol
(C) Viosterol
(D) All of these
226. The poor sources of vitamin D:
(A) Eggs (B) Butter
(C) Milk (D) Liver
227. The activity of tocopherols is destroyed by
(A) Oxidation (B) Reduction
(C) Conjugation (D) All of these
228 Some tocopherols are
(A) Terpenoid in structure
(B) Dional in structure
(C) Isoprenoid in structure
(D) Farnesyl in structure
229. The methyl groups in the aromatic nucleus of a tocopherols are
(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 4 (D) 5
230. Vitamin E stored in
(A) Mitochondria (B) Microsomes
(C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
231. Vitamin E protects the polyunsaturated fatty acids from oxidation by molecular oxygen in the formation of
(A) Superoxide (B) Peroxide
(C) Trioxide (D) All of these
232. The tocopherols prevent the oxidation of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin C
233. Vitamin E protects enzymes from des- truction in
(A) Muscles (B) Nerves
(C) Gonads (D) All of these
234. Vitamin K regulates the synthesis of blood clotting factors:
(A) VII (B) IX
(C) X (D) All of these
235. Ascorbic acid can reduce
(A) 2, 4-dinitro benzene
(B) 2, 6-Dichlorophenol Indophenol
(C) 2, 4-dibromobenzene
(D) 2, 6-dibromo benzene
236. Sterilized milk is devoid of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin B
240. The number of nutritionally essential amino acids for man is
(A) 6 (B) 8
(C) 10 (D) 12
241. Avidin is present in
(A) Cow’s milk
(B) Raw egg
(C) Green leafy vegetables
(D) Carrots
242. Marasmus is due to malnutrition of
(A) Proteins
(B) Proteins and calories
(C) Proteins and vitamins
(D) Proteins and minerals
243. Energy value in kilocalorie per gram of fat in the body is
(A) 1 (B) 4
(C) 9 (D) 18
244. Which among the following is an essential amino acid for man?
(A) Alanine (B) Serine
(C) Valine (D) Glutamic acid
245. Under what condition to basal metabolic rate goes up?
(A) Cold environment
(B) Hot environment
(C) Vitamin C
1
(D) Vitamin D
(C) Intake of base forming foods
(D) Hypothyroidism
237. The symptoms of scurvy are
(A) Poor healing of wounds
(B) Loosening of teeth
(C) Anaemia
(D) All of these
238. Kwashiorkor results from
(A) Vitamin A deficiency
(B) Vitamin D deficiency
(C) Deficiency of minerals in diet
(D) Protein and caloric deficiency in diet
239. Which among the following fatty acids is an essential fatty acid for man?
(A) Palmitic acid (B) Oleic acid
(C) Linoleic acid (D) None of these
246. What is the major form of caloric storage in human body?
(A) ATP
(B) Glycogen
(C) Creatine phosphate
(D) triacylglycerol
247. The phosphoprotein of milk is
(A) Lactalbumin (B) Lactoglobulin
(C) Vitellin (D) Caein
248. Dictary deficiency of this vitamin leads to night blindness:
(A) Retinol (B) Niacin
(C) Ascorbic acid (D) Cholecalciferol
249. A non essential amino acid is not
(A) Absorbed in the intestines
(B) Required in the diet
(C) Incorporated into the protein
(D) Metabolized by the body
250. The deficiency of Vitamin B12 leads to
(A) Pernicious anaemia
(B) Megablastic anaemia
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of these
251. Which among the following is a nutrition- ally essential amino acid for man?
(A) Alanine (B) Glycine
(C) Tyrosine (D) Isoleucine
252. The maximum specific dynamic action of food stuff is exerted by
(A) carbohydrates (B) fats
(C) proteins (D) vitamins
253. The essential amino acids
(A) must be supplied in the diet because the organism has lost the capacity to aminate the corresponding ketoacids
(B) must be supplied in the diet because the human has an impaired ability to synthesize the carbon chain of the corresponding ketoacids
(C) are identical in all species studied
(D) are defined as these amino acids which cannot be synthesized by the organism at a rate adequate to meet metabolic requirements
254. Fibre in the diet is beneficial in
(A) Hyper glycemia
(B) Hyper cholseteremia
(C) Colon cancer
(D) All of these
255 Sucrose intolerance leads to
(A) Hyper glycemia (B) Glycosuria
(C) Diarrhoea (D) Hypoglycemia
256. There can be intolerance with respect to the following sugar:
(A) Glucose (B) Lactose
(C) Maltose (D) Xylose
257. Milk contains very poor amounts of
(A) Calcium (B) Phosphate
(C) Iron (D) Riboflavin
258. Egg contains very little
(A) Fat
(B) Proteins
(C) Carbohydrates
(D) Calcium and phosphorus
259. BMR (Basal Metabolic rate) is elevated in
(A) Hyper thyroidism (B) Under nutrition
(C) Starvation (D) Hypothyroidism
260. Soyabean proteins are rich in
(A) Lysine (B) Alanine
(C) Glcyine (D) Aspartic acid
261. Corn and gliadin are low in
(A) Lysine (B) Alanine
(C) Glycine (D) Aspartic acid
262. What is the disease caused by thiamine deficiency?
(A) Nycalopia (B) Scurvy
(C) Rickets (D) Beriberi
263. Retinol and retinol –binding protein (RBP) bound with this protein:
(A) Albumin (B) Prealbumin
(C) 2-globulin (D) -globulin
264. Megaloblastic anemia is caused by the deficiency of
(A) Folic acid (B) Vitamin B6
(C) Iron (D) Protein
265. This vitamin acts as anti-oxidant:
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
266. Calcitriol is
(A) 1-OH-cholecalciferol
(B) 25-OH-cholecalciferol
(C) 24, 25-diOH cholecalciferol
(D) 1, 25-diOH cholecalciferol
267. 1-hydroxylation of 25-OH vitamin D3 takes place in
(A) Liver (B) Kidneys
(C) Intestine (D) Pancreas
268. 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D3 takes place in
(A) Liver (B) Kidneys
(C) Intestine (D) Pancreas
269. Hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy chole- calciferol is promoted by
(A) Cytochrome – a (B) Parathyroid hormone
(C) Cytochrome-b (D) CAMP
270. The egg injury factor in raw egg white is
(A) Biotin (B) Avidin
(C) Albumin (D) Calcium salts
271. The following has cyanide:
(A) Vitamin B12
(B) Adenyl cobamide
(C) Benzimidazole cobamide
(D) Methyl cobamide
272. The human species can biosynthesize
(A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin B12
(C) Thiamine (D) Niacin
273. Retina contains this photosensitive pigment:
(A) Rhodopsin (B) Opsin
(C) Retinol (D) Melanin
274. Anti xerophthalmic vitamin is
(A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2
(C) Vitamin B6 (D) Vitamin A
275. One of the following is not a symptom of addison’s disease.
(A) Hypoglycemia (B) Hyponatremia
(C) Hypokalemia (D) Hypochoremia
276. Gammaxane is an antimetabolite of
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Pyridoxin (D) Inositol
277. Pyridoxin deficiency may lead to convul- sions as it is needed for the synthesis of
(A) GABA (B) PABA
(C) EFA (D) SAM
278. Sulpha drugs are antimetabolities of
(A) Vitamin K (B) Pyridoxin
(C) Folic acid (D) Vitamin B2
279. This abnormal metabolite may be respon- sible for the neurological manifestation of pernicious anemia:
(A) Taurine (B) Methyl malonic acid
(C) Xantherunic acid (D) Phenyl pyruvic acid
280. The vitamin in leafy vegetables:
(A) D (B) K
(C) A (D) Both (B) and (C)
281. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide given in the treatment of tuberculosis may lead to a deficiency of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Pyridoxin
(C) Folate (D) Inositol
282. Biotin is required for the reaction of CO2 with
(A) Water
(B) Acetyl CoA
(C) NH3
(D) Incorporation of carbon 6 in purine
283. A deficiency of folate leads to
(A) Megaloblastic anemia
(B) Aplastic anemia
(C) Pernicious anemia
(D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
284. A deficiency of Iron leads to
(A) Megaloblastic anemia
(B) Aplastic anemia
(C) Pernicious anemia
(D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
285. Corninoid coenzymes are coenzymes of
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Vitamin B6
(C) Vitamin B2 (D) Vitamin B1
286. Vitamin B12 initially binds to the proteins known as
(A) Transcobalamin I
(B) R-Proteins
(C) Transcobalamin II
(D) Intrinsic factor of castle
287. Extrinsic factor of castle is
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein
(C) R-Proteins (D) Sigma protein
288. Intrinsic factor of castle is
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein
(C) R-Proteins (D) Sigma protein
289. Pernicious means
(A) Prolonged (B) Dangerous
(C) Intermittent (D) Idiopathic
290. Reduction of D-ribonucleotides to D- deoxy ribonucleotides in prokaryotes requires
(A) 5, 6 dimethyl benzimidazole cobamide
(B) Thioredoxin
(C) Tetra hydrobiopterin
(D) Tetra hydrofolate
291. Biotin is also known as
(A) Anti egg white injury factor
(B) Rutin
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of these
292. Angular stomatosis is due to
(A) Ariboflavinoses
(B) Deficiency of Vitamin C
(C) Deficiency of Vitamin B1
(D) Deficiency of folate
293. One of the main functions of Vitamin K is cofactor for
(A) Carboxylate for the formation of
carboxyglutamate
(B) Methylation of -adenosyl methionine
(C) Carboxylation of biotin
(D) One carbon transfer by tetrahydrofolate
294. Prothrombin time is prolonged by administering
(A) Vitamin K (B) Dicoumarol
(C) Calcium (D) Prothrombin
295. This vitamin acts as antioxidant.
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
296. This is a photo-labile vitamin.
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Niacin (D) Cholecalciferol
297. Convulsive episodes occur when there is a severe deficiency of
(A) Pyridoxine (B) Folic acid
(C) Thiamine (D) Riboflavin
298. Metastatic classification is seen in hyper- vitaminosis:
(A) A (B) K
(C) D (D) E
299. The anti vitamin for para aminobenzoic acid is
(A) Aminopterin (B) Dicoumarol
(C) Sulphonamides (D) Thiopanic acid
300. Several pantothenic acid deficiency in man has been reported to cause
(A) Burning feet syndrome
(B) Scurvy
(C) Cataract
(D) Xerophthalmia
301. Cholesterol is a precursor in the biogene- sis of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) None of these
302. This vitamin is a potent antioxidant of vitamin A:
(A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin E
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin D
303. In retinal rickets, the following hydro- xylation of Vitamin D3 does not take place:
(A) 25 (B) 1
(C) 24 (D) 7
304. The following does not have phosphorous:
(A) Riboflavin (B) TPP
(C) NAD+ (D) COASH
305. Convulsions and delirium could be caused by a severe deficiency of
(A) Thiamine (B) Glutamate
(C) Niacin (D) Magnesium
306. Rice polishings contain this vitamin:
(A) Riboflavin (B) Niacin
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
307. In beri beri there will be accumulation of
in blood.
(A) Aceto acetic acid (B) -OH butyric acid
(C) Pyruvic acid (D) Methyl malonic acid
308. Symptoms of pellagra are
(A) Dermatitis and diarrhea only
(B) Dermatitis and dementia only
(C) Diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia
(D) Diarrhea and elements only
309. Pyridoxine deficiency leads to
(A) Megaloblastic anemia
(B) Aplastic anemia
(C) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(D) Permicious anemia
310. The significant ocular lesion in arbo flovinosis:
(A) Keratomalacia
(B) Bitot’s spots
(C) Vascularisation of the cornea
(D) lachrymal metaplasia
311. Irradiation of foods raises the content of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
312. An anti-vitamin for folic acid is
(A) Amethoptesin (B) Dicoumarol
(C) Pyrithoamine (D) Isoniazid
313. Thymine is
(A) Water soluble vitamin
(B) Fat soluble vitamin
(C) Purine base
(D) Pyrimidine base
314. The anti-vitamin for para amino benzoic acid is
(A) Aminopterrin (B) Dicoumarol
(C) INH (D) Sulphonamides
315. The sulphur-containing vitamins among the following B-Vitamin is
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Niacin (D) Pyridoxine
316. Taurinuria may be encountered in
(A) Permicious anemia (B) Beriberi
(C) Pellegra (D) Folate deficiency
317. The three vitamins which are specially required for proper nerve functions are acid:
(A) Thiamine, niacin and riboflavin
(B) Thiamine, folic acid, choline
(C) Thiamine, riboflavin, patothenic acid
(D) Thiamine, pyridoxin, vitamin B12
318. This is a rich source for vitamin C.
(A) Rice (B) Milk
(C) Egg (D) Lemon
319. The following vitamin is involved in coenzyme function in transaminations:
(A) Nicotinamide (B) Pyridoxine
(C) Thiamine (D) Riboflavin
320. Methyl malonic aciduria is seen in the deficiency of
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Folic acid
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
321. Deficiency of Vitamin C leads to
(A) Rickets (B) Scurvy
(C) Night blindness (D) All of these
322. If no primer DNA was given, the following scientist could not have synthesized DNA.
(A) Ochoa (B) Okazaki
(C) Kornberg (D) Monod
323. Antisterility vitamin is
(A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
324. All the following vitamins give rise to cofactors that are phosphorylated in the active form except
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin B1
(C) Vitamin D (D) Vitamin E
325. Molecular Iron, Fe, is
(A) Stored in the body in combination with Ferritin
(B) Stored primarily in the spleen
(C) Excreted in the urine as Fe2+
(D) absorbed in the intestine by albumin
326. Humans most easily tolerate a lack of which of the following nutrients?
(A) Protein (B) Iodine
(C) Carbohydrate (D) Lipid
327. A deficiency of vitamin B12 causes
(A) Cheliosis (B) Beriberi
(C) Pernicious anemia (D) Scurvy
328. In adults a severe deficiency of vitamin D causes
(A) Night blindness (B) Osteomalacia
(C) Rickets (D) Skin cancer
329. Which of the following vitamins would most likely become deficient in a person who develops a completely carnivorous life style?
(A) Thiamine (B) Niacin
(C) Cobalamine (D) Vitamin C
330. Which of the following statements regarding Vitamin A is true?
(A) It is not an essential Vitamin
(B) It is related to tocopherol
(C) It is a component of rhodopsin
(D) It is also known as Opsin
331. Fully activated pyruvate carboxylase depends upon the presence of
(A) Malate and Niacin
(B) Acetyl CoA and biotin
(C) Acetyl CoA and thiamine pyrophosphate
(D) Oxaloacetate and biotin
332. Pantothenic acid is a constituent of coenzyme involved in
(A) Acetylation (B) Decarboxylation
(C) Dehydrogenation (D) Oxidation
333. Biotin is involved in which of the following types of reactions?
(A) Hydroxylation (B) Carboxylation
(C) Decarboxylation (D) Deamination
334. Which of the following vitamins is the precurssor of CoA?
(A) Riboflavin (B) Pantothenate
(C) Thiamine (D) Cobamide
335. Vitamins that function as dinucleotide derivatives include all the following except
(A) Thiamine (B) Niacin
(C) Nicotinate (D) Vitamin B2
336. Methyl malonic aciduria is seen in a deficiency of
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Folic acid
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
337. What is the disease caused by thiamine deficiency?
(A) Nyctalopia (B) Scurvy
(C) Rickets (D) Beriberi
338. Retinol and Retinol binding protein are bound with this protein:
(A) Albumin (B) Prealbumin
(C) -globulin (D) -globulin
339. Megaloblastic anemia is caused by the deficiency of
(A) Folic acid (B) Vitamin B6
(C) Iron (D) Protein
340. This vitamin acts as anti oxidant.
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
341. Calcitriol is
(A) 1-hydroxy cholecalciferol
(B) 25-hydroxy cholecalciferol
(C) 24, 25-dihydroxy cholecalciferol
(D) 1, 25-dihydroxy cholecalciferol
342. 1-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D3 takes place in
(A) Liver (B) Kidneys
(C) Intestine (D) Pancreas
343. 25-hydroxylation of Vitamin D3 takes place in
(A) Liver (B) Kidneys
(C) Intestines (D) Pancreas
344. Hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy cholecalcif- erol is promoted by
(A) Cytochrome A (B) Panthyroid hormone
(C) Cytochrome b (D) cAMP
345. The egg injury factor in raw egg white is
(A) Biotin (B) Avidin
(C) Albumin (D) Calcium salts
346. The following has cyanide:
(A) Vitamin B12
(B) Adenyl cobamide
(C) Benzimidazole cobamide
(D) Methyl cobamide
347. The human species can biosynthesize
(A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin B12
(C) Thiamine (D) Niacin
348. Retina contains this photo sensitive pigment.
(A) Rhodopsin (B) Opsin
(C) Retinol (D) Malanin
349. Antixerophthalmic vitamin is
(A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2
(C) Vitamin B6 (D) Vitamin A
350. One of the following is not symptom of Addison’s disease:
(A) Hypoglycemia (B) Hyponatremia
(C) Hypokalemia (D) Hypochloremia
351. Gammaxine is an antimetabolite of
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Pyridoxin (D) Inositol
352. Pyridoxine deficiency may lead to con- vulsions as it is needed for the synthesis of
(A) GABA (B) PABA
(C) EFA (D) SAM
353. Sulpha drugs are antimetabolites of
(A) PABA (B) Pyridoxin
356. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide given in the treatment of tuberculosis may lead to a deficiency of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Pyridoxin
(C) Folate (D) Inositol
357. Steroidal prohormone is
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin C
(C) Vitamin D (D) None of these
358. A deficiency of folate leads to
(A) Megaloblastic anemia
(B) Aplastic anemia
(C) Pernicious anemia
(D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
359. Deficiency of Iron leads to
(A) Megaloblastic anemia
(B) Aplastic anemia
(C) Pernicious anemia
(D) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
360. Corrinoid coenzymes are coenzymes of
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Vitamin B12
(C) Vitamin B2 (D) Vitamin B1
361. Vitamin B12 initially binds to the proteins known as
(A) Transcobalamin I
(B) R-proteins
(C) Transcobalamin II
(D) Intrinsic factor of castle
362. Extrinsic factor of castle is
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein
(C) R-proteins (D) Sigma protein
363. Intrinsic factor of castle is
(A) Vitamin B12 (B) Glycoprotein
(C) Vitamin B2
(D) Pantothenic acid
(C) R-proteins (D) Sigma protein
364. Pernicious means
354. This abnormal metabolite may be respon- sible for the neurological manifestation of pernicious anemia.
(A) Taurine (B) Methyl malonic acid
(C) Xanthurenic acid (D) Phenyl pyruvic acid
355. Choline is not required for the formation of
(A) Lecithins (B) Acetyl choline
(C) Sphingomyelin (D) Cholic acid
(A) Prolonged (B) Dangerous
(C) Intermittent (D) Idiopathic
365. Reduction of D-ribonucleotides to D-deoxy ribonucleotides in prokaryotes requires
(A) 5, 6 dimethyl benzimindazole cobamide
(B) Thiredoxin
(C) Tetra hydrobiopterin
(D) Tetra hydrofolate
366. Antirachitic vitamin is
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
367. Angular stomatitis is due to
(A) Ariboflavinosis
(B) Deficiency of Vitamin C
(C) Deficiency of Vitamin B1
(D) Deficiency of folate
368. One of the main functions of Vitamin K is the cofactor for
(A) Carboxylase for the formation of –carboxy glutamate
(B) Methylation by S-adenosyl methionine
(C) Carboxylation by biotin
(D) One carbon transfer by tetra hydrofolate
369. Prothrombin time is prolonged by admini- stering
(A) Vitamin K (B) Dicoumarol
(C) Calcium (D) Prothrombin
370. This Vitamin acts as antioxidant:
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
371. This is photo labile vitamin:
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Niacin (D) Cholecalciferol
372. Convulsive episodes occur when there is a severe deficiency of:
(A) Pyridoxine (B) Folic acid
(C) Thiamine (D) Riboflavin
373. Metastatic calcification is seen in hyper- vitaminosis:
(A) A (B) K
(C) D (D) E
374. The anti-vitamin for para amino benzoic acid is
(A) Aminopterin (B) Dicoumasol
(C) Sulphanomides (D) Thiopamic acid
375. Severe patothemic acid deficiency in man has been reported to cause
(A) Burning feet syndrome
(B) Scurvy
(C) Cataract
(D) Xeropththalmia
376. Cholesterol is a precursor in the biogenesis of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin E (D) None of these
377. Which of the vitamins is a potent anti- oxidant of Vitamin A?
(A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin E
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin D
378. In renal rickets, the following hydroxyla- tion of Vitamin D3 does not take place:
(A) 25 (B) 1
(C) 24 (D) 7
379. Which of the following does not have phosphorous?
(A) Riboflavin (B) TPP
(C) NAD+ (D) CaASH
380. Rice-polishings contain whcih of the following Vitamin?
(A) Riboflavin (B) Niacin
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
381. In beri beri there will be accumulation of
in blood.
(A) Aceto acetic acid
(B) hydroxy butyric acid
(C) Pyruvic acid
(D) Methyl malonic acid
382. Symptoms of pellagra are
(A) Dermatitis and diarrhea only
(B) Dermatitis and Dermentia only
(C) Diarrhea and dermentia only
(D) Diarrhea, Dermatitis and dementia
383. Pyridoxine deficiency leads to
(A) Megaloblastic anemia
(B) Aplastic anemia
(C) Hypochromic microcytic anemia
(D) Pernicious anemia
384. The significant ocular lesion in a ribofla- vinosis is
(A) Keratomalacia
(B) Bitot’s spots
(C) Vascularisation of the cornea
(D) Lachrynal metaplasia
385. An anti-vitamin for folic acid is
(A) Aminopterin (B) Dicoumarol
(C) Pyrithiamine (D) Isoniazid
386. Thiamine is
(A) Water-soluble vitamin
(B) Fat soluble vitamin
(C) Purine base
(D) Pyrimidine base
387. The anti-vitamin for para amino benzoic acid is
(A) Aminopterin (B) Dicoumarol
(C) INH (D) Sulphanomides
388. The sulphur containing vitamins among the following B Vitamin is
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Niacin (D) Pyridoxine
389. Taurinuria may be encountered in
(A) Pernicious anemia (B) Beriberi
(C) Pellegra (D) Folate deficiency
390. The three vitamins which are specially required for proper nerve functions are
(A) Thiamine, Niacin and Riboflavin
(B) Thiamin, Folic acid, Choline
(C) Thiamine, Riboflavin, Pantothenic acid
(D) Thiamine, Pyridoxin, Vitamin B12
391. This is a rich source for Vitamin C:
(A) Rice (B) Milk
(C) Egg (D) Lemon
392. Which ot the following vitamin is involved in coenzyme function in transaminations?
(A) Nicotinamide (B) Pyridoxine
(C) Thiamine (D) Riboflavin
393. Methyl malonic aciduria is seen in a deficiency of
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Folic acid
(C) Thiamine (D) Vitamin B12
394. In pernicious anemia, Urine contains high amounts of
(A) Methyl malonic acid (B) FIGLU
(C) VMA (D) 5 HIAA
395. Anti sterility Vitamin is
(A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2
(C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K
396. Biotin deficiency is characterized by the following except
(A) Muscular pain (B) Anaemia
(C) Nausea (D) Dermatitis
397. Deficiency of thiamine causes
(A) Beri beri (B) Scurvy
(C) Night blindness (D) Rickets
398. Deficiency of Vitamin D leads to
(A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia
(C) Xeropthalmia (D) Both (A) and (B)
399. The vitamin that is useful in cancer is
(A) A (B) B complex
(C) C (D) E
400. Vitamin A over dosage causes injury to
(A) Mitochondria (B) Microtubules
(C) Lysosomes (D) E.R
401. Which is a pro vitamin or vitamin that has antioxidant properties?
(A) Beta carotene (B) Vitamin E
(C) Vitamin C (D) Vitamin D
402. The vitamin required for carboxylation reaction is
(A) Vitamin B2 (B) Vitamin B6
(C) Biotin (D) Vitamin B12
403. Biological activity of tocopherols has been attributed in part to their action as
(A) Antioxidant
(B) Anticoagulents
(C) Provitamin
(D) Carriers in electron transport system
404. Biotin is essential for
(A) Translation (B) Carboxylation
(C) Hydroxylation (D) Transamination
405. Which of the following vitamin act as a respiratory catalyst?
(A) B2 (B) Pyridoxine
(C) B12 (D) C
406. Metal in Vitamin B12 is
(A) Copper (B) Cobalt
(C) Iron (D) Zinc
407. Whole wheat is an excellent source of
(A) Vitamin D (B) Vitamin C
(C) Vitamin A (D) Thiamine
408. Vitamin used in the treatment of homo- cystinuria is
(A) B1 (B) B5
(C) B12 (D) B6
409. Which of the following is not a component of coenzyme A?
(A) Pantothenic acid (B) Adenylic acid
(C) Acetic acid (D) Sulfhydryl group
410. The most active form of Vitamin D is
(A) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
(B) 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
(C) 25-dihydroxyergocalciferol
(D) None of these
411. The important part in the structure of flavoprotein is
(A) Vitamin B6 (B) Vitamin B2
(C) Vitamin B1 (D) Vitamin A
412. Vitamin essential for transamination is
(A) B1 (B) B2
(C) B6 (D) B12
413. The action of Vitamin K in formation of clotting factor is through
(A) Post transcription
(B) Post translation
(C) Golgi complex
(D) Endoplasmic reticulum
414. Vitamin necessary for CoA synthesis:
416. During deficiency of thiamine the concen- tration of the following compound rises in blood and intracellular fluid:
(A) Glycogen (B) Sugar
(C) Amino acids (D) Pyruvic acid
417. The conversion of carotenoids to Vitamin A takes place in
(A) Intestine (B) Liver
(C) Kidney (D) Skin
418. Man cannot synthesize vitamin:
(A) A (B) B
(C) C (D) D
419. Vitamin A is required for the formation of a light receptor protein known as
(A) Globulin (B) Lypoprotein
(C) Chomoprotein (D) Rhodospin
420. Excessive vitamin A in children produces
(A) Irritability (B) Anorexia
(C) Headache (D) All of these
421. Tocopherols prevent the oxidation of
(A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin C
422. Vitamin K regulates the synthesis of blood clotting factors.
(A) VII (B) IX
(C) X (D) All of these
423. The colour of cyanomethmoglobin is
(A) Pale yellow (B) Pink
(C) Brown (D) Bright red
424. Transketolase activity is affected in
(A) Bitoin deficiency
(B) Pyridoxine deficiency
(C) PABA deficiency
(D) Thiamine deficiency
(A) Pantothenic acid (B) Vitamin C
425. The hydrolysis of glucose-6-PO
is cata-
(C) B6
(D) B12
4
lyzed by a phosphatase that is not found
415. Cofactor for transamination is
(A) Thymine (B) Riboflavin
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Niacin
in which of the following?
(A) Liver (B) Kidney
(C) Muscle (D) Small intestine
426. Vitamin K2 was originally isolated from
(A) Soyabean (B) Putrid fishmeal
(C) Alfa alfa (D) Oysters
427. The following form of vitamin A is used in the visual cycle:
(A) Retinol (B) Retinoic acid
(C) Retinaldehyde (D) Retinyl acetate
428. Increased carbohydrate consumption increases the dietary requirement for
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavine
(C) Pyridoxine (D) Folic acid
429. Increased protein intake is accompanied by an increased dietary requirement for
(A) Thiamine (B) Riboflavine
(C) Folic acid (D) Nicotininic acid
430. The deficiency of which one of the following vitamin causes creatinuria?
(A) Vitamin E (B) Vitamin K
(C) Vitamin A (D) Vitamin B6
431. A biochemical indication of vitamin B12 deficiency can be obtained by measuring the urinary excretion of
(A) Pyruvic acid
(B) Malic acid
(C) Methyl malonic acid
(D) Urocanic acid
